000			01518nam a2200181Ia 4500
008			220216s9999 xx 000 0 und d
100			_aGrist P G
245		4	_aThe economics of Imperata control in Indonesian smallholder rubber (Hevea spp.) plantations using bioeconomic modelling
260			_bTropical Agriculture _c1996
300			_a320-324
520			_aSeveral Imperata control options (shading, intercropping, chemical control) in smallholder rubber (Hevea spp) production systems were compared using a bioeconomic model. Imperata control was found to be highly profitable in most circumstances. Control early in the life of the rubber plantation was found to be critical both from biological and economic perspsctives. Rubber growing by Indonesian smallholders on Imperata grassland appears to be only marginally profitable under low intensity management. However, profitability was enhanced by management aimed at reducing the competitive effect of Imperata on the rubber. Cost-effective options include intercropping and chemical control, and enhanced shading with faster-growing rubber. The impacts of Imperata on rubber growth, and thus the economic benefits derived from controlling Imperata, are highest in the first year following planting. Economic benefits decline in subsequent years, but remain significant up to approximately the fifth year.
650			_aAgroforestry
650			_aBioeconomic modelling
650			_aHevea
650			_aWeed control
700			_aMenz K M
942			_cJS
999			_c70592 _d70592