000			01344nam a2200157Ia 4500
008			220216s9999 xx 000 0 und d
100			_aHoi W K
245		0	_aSmall-scale rubberwood charcoal production
260			_bProceedings of the RRIM Rubber Growers Conference, Ipoh, Perak 1986; p388-397 _c1986
520			_aThis paper highlights the manufacutre of charcoal out of otherwise low-value rubberwood from replanting schemes by the transportable metal kiln. The kiln was found to be able to manufacture charcoal from both billets and sawmill off-cut. It was found that the carbonisation time was between 24 h and 48 h depending on the form and moisture content of the wood. The yield ranged from 300-500 kg of charcoal per burn. With a proximate chemical composition of between 85.4;and 87.9;fixed carbon, the charcoal was suitable for industrial and domestic applications. By using a three men-two kiln model, the costs of production and payback periods for billets and off-cut charcoal were-found to be 19.5 sen and 5.5 months, and, 17 sen and 4.2 months respectively. With such short payback periods, the metal kiln will enable smallholders to earn an additional income to supplement their low wages.
650			_aRubberwood charcoal production
700			_aKeng L C
700			_aMagathewar M
700			_aSujan M A
942			_cBO
999			_c48169 _d48169