Efficiency of Mucuna bracteata as a cover crop for rubber was studied in comparison with Pueraria phaseoloides. Dry weights of green matter and litter production of Mucuna were found to be three times higher than Pueraria. Also, Mucuna exhibited 45cm and 106 cm thick layers of green matter and litter compared to 15 cm and 36 cm thick layers of Pueraria, for green matter and litter, respectively. A significant contribution of N, P, K and Mg was made by both green matter and litter of Mucuna compared to that of Pueraria. Soil analysis indicated a build-up of nutrients, organic carbon and microbes in the soil under Mucuna in comparison to Pueraria. Mucuna showed a lower transpiration rate than Pueraria and also had more deep rooted system than both rubber and Pueraria. The soils under Mucuna had significantly higher moisture content of 19.6;and 18.1;for the depths of 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm respectively, than the soils under Pueraria. AMong the two species, Mucuna recorded a higher moisture profile storage capacity of 25.8 cm for a depth of 90 cm and also there was an increase of 41;in moisture storage capacity. It was found that growing Mucuna resulted in a better soil physical condition than Pueraria. Data on soil loss indicates that growing Mucuna can minimize soil loss significantly, in comparison with Pueraria and also weed infestation was lower under Mucuna.