Protein markers linked to the tapping panel dryness (TPD) of Hevea brasiliensis
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TextPublication details: IRRDB Workshop on Tapping Panel Dryness in Hevea brasiliensis, Hainan, China, 1997; p40-54Subject(s): Summary: The Tapping Panel Dryness(TPD) disease results in a transient or a definitive cessation of latex production. Two types of TPD have been defined: necrotic TPD and over-exploitation-induced TPD. The former occurring randomly in a plantation and then spreading, often along the lanes of trees, and the latter being a physiological fatigue feature. Using 1-and 2-D-SDS-PAG Electrophoresis of the latex proteins, it has been shown that the latex from TPD trees exhibited systematically different patterns of cytosolic proteins, compared with control trees of clone RRIM 600, namely over-expression of a 22+_3kDa acidic protein and other low molecular weight (14-17kDa) acidic proteins, a de novo expression of a 29kDa protein and a decreased expression of two 33+_3kDa proteins. It was found that both types of (necrotic and induced) TPD generally exhibited the same differences. Therefore, it is highly probable that at least the over-expressed or de novo-expressed cytosolic proteins may be stress proteins which give warning of a stress leading to TPD. Such markers will be very useful to predict the risk of any kind of TPD but would not allow differentiation between spontaneous and induced TPD, if they really are different. Latex Diagnosis(LD: measurement of latex inorganic phosphate, reduced thiol, sucrose and dry rubber content) could provide a warning of over-exploitation, especially through over-stimulation, which leads quickly to the onset of transient TPD and progressively to the inception of definitive TPD. After 70 months of the experiment, the concentrations of sucrose and reduced thiols in the latex from over-stimulated trees decreased to a low level, while the high concentration of inorganic phosphorus in the latex of over-stimulated trees revealed a very high metabolic activity, consuming too much energy with only a small extra gain in production. There was no warning of real over-exploitation in the case of daily tapping: the concentrations of sucrose and reduced thiols in the latex remained in the same range as those of the control, while inorganic phosphorus concentration remained significantly higher than the control thus revealing a high metabolic activity because of the high latex regeneration rate for such a short harvesting time.
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The Tapping Panel Dryness(TPD) disease results in a transient or a definitive cessation of latex production. Two types of TPD have been defined: necrotic TPD and over-exploitation-induced TPD. The former occurring randomly in a plantation and then spreading, often along the lanes of trees, and the latter being a physiological fatigue feature. Using 1-and 2-D-SDS-PAG Electrophoresis of the latex proteins, it has been shown that the latex from TPD trees exhibited systematically different patterns of cytosolic proteins, compared with control trees of clone RRIM 600, namely over-expression of a 22+_3kDa acidic protein and other low molecular weight (14-17kDa) acidic proteins, a de novo expression of a 29kDa protein and a decreased expression of two 33+_3kDa proteins. It was found that both types of (necrotic and induced) TPD generally exhibited the same differences. Therefore, it is highly probable that at least the over-expressed or de novo-expressed cytosolic proteins may be stress proteins which give warning of a stress leading to TPD. Such markers will be very useful to predict the risk of any kind of TPD but would not allow differentiation between spontaneous and induced TPD, if they really are different. Latex Diagnosis(LD: measurement of latex inorganic phosphate, reduced thiol, sucrose and dry rubber content) could provide a warning of over-exploitation, especially through over-stimulation, which leads quickly to the onset of transient TPD and progressively to the inception of definitive TPD. After 70 months of the experiment, the concentrations of sucrose and reduced thiols in the latex from over-stimulated trees decreased to a low level, while the high concentration of inorganic phosphorus in the latex of over-stimulated trees revealed a very high metabolic activity, consuming too much energy with only a small extra gain in production. There was no warning of real over-exploitation in the case of daily tapping: the concentrations of sucrose and reduced thiols in the latex remained in the same range as those of the control, while inorganic phosphorus concentration remained significantly higher than the control thus revealing a high metabolic activity because of the high latex regeneration rate for such a short harvesting time.
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