The value of tree legumes in enhancing the soil nutrient status and organic carbon content of the soil was clearly shown by the experimental data. Higher porosity, lower bulk density and penetrometer resistance were also found in tree legume plots. Soil moisture content was generally higher in tree legume plots and root growth measurements made, indicate that the root density was improved by mulching with tree legume loppings. Furthermore, among the different soil management practices tested, tree legumes (mulched) exhibited the highest growth and yield of rubber plants in comparison with other practices such as growing leguminous covers or naturals. Flemingia congesta, Crotolaria anagyroides and Tephrosia vogellie were identified as tree legume species that can be grown successfully between the rows of rubber plants and which would provide sufficient biomass for mulching. Although the growth rate of Flemingia congesta during the early stages appeared to be slow, this tree legume species provided sufficient biomass thereafter. It was also observed that the first lopping of Crotolaria anagyroides may be done 4 months after planting and it may be possible to do 2-3 loppings during the 1st six months after establishment if climatic conditions remain favourable.