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Integrated management of Corynespora leaf disease of rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) in nurseries using bacterial endophytes

By: Contributor(s): Material type: TextTextPublication details: PLACROSYM XXIII. Climate Resilient Technologies for Sustainability of Plantation Crops, 6-8 March 2019, Central Coffee Research Institute, Chikkamangaluru, Karnataka, India, Abstracts, p.116.Subject(s): Online resources: Summary: Natural rubber from Hevea brasiliensis, also known as Para Rubber, is one of the most outstanding raw materials of commercial importance in modern civilization. The genus, Hevea (Euphorbiacea), native of South America. H. brasiliensis accounts for 99;of global natural rubber production. Around 90;of the rubber production in India is from traditional rubber growing tracts of Kerala, parts of Tamil Nadu and Karnataka. North Eastern states of India accounts for < 12;production. One of the major constrains in rubber cultivation is diseases, which cause considerable damage to tree with respect to growth and yield. Among the pathogens Phytophthora, Corynespora, Corticium, Colletotrichum and Oidium cause mild to severe disease affecting rubber and have attained economic significance in India. Corynespora leaf fall disease caused by the fungus, Corynespora cassiicola is one of the most important diseases of Hevea in Asia and African countries. Control of plant diseases using chemicals is the most effective short-term disease management strategy. This method is popular with the farmers mainly due to the spectacular results. Biocontrol measures are not yet practices for the management of diseases in rubber plantations as they were not proved much effective. Endophytic bacteria were isolated from different parts of the rubber tree and these isolates were screened for the in vitro antagonist confirmed by gfp transformation and confocal scanning of induced tissue. Bioassay using the detached leaves of endophyte-treated plants showed reduction in lesion size upon inoculation with pathogen. Compatibility of the endophytic bacteria with recommended fungicide (carbendazim) was carried out in vitro and found compatible. This antagonistic effect was evaluated in susceptible seedlings at Ulickal nursery and was found promising. Integrated approaches for Corynespora disease management was adopted using endophyte (1 x 10 8 bacteria + half dose of recommended carbendazim, 0.025;) at Ulickal nursery which gave positive results. Two formulations of endophyte viz., broth and encapsulated form were used in the study. The results showed that the integrated treatments were on par with carbendazim (0.05;) in controlling the Corynespora leaf fall disease, in nursery.
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Natural rubber from Hevea brasiliensis, also known as Para Rubber, is one of the most outstanding raw materials of commercial importance in modern civilization. The genus, Hevea (Euphorbiacea), native of South America. H. brasiliensis accounts for 99;of global natural rubber production. Around 90;of the rubber production in India is from traditional rubber growing tracts of Kerala, parts of Tamil Nadu and Karnataka. North Eastern states of India accounts for < 12;production. One of the major constrains in rubber cultivation is diseases, which cause considerable damage to tree with respect to growth and yield. Among the pathogens Phytophthora, Corynespora, Corticium, Colletotrichum and Oidium cause mild to severe disease affecting rubber and have attained economic significance in India. Corynespora leaf fall disease caused by the fungus, Corynespora cassiicola is one of the most important diseases of Hevea in Asia and African countries. Control of plant diseases using chemicals is the most effective short-term disease management strategy. This method is popular with the farmers mainly due to the spectacular results. Biocontrol measures are not yet practices for the management of diseases in rubber plantations as they were not proved much effective. Endophytic bacteria were isolated from different parts of the rubber tree and these isolates were screened for the in vitro antagonist confirmed by gfp transformation and confocal scanning of induced tissue. Bioassay using the detached leaves of endophyte-treated plants showed reduction in lesion size upon inoculation with pathogen. Compatibility of the endophytic bacteria with recommended fungicide (carbendazim) was carried out in vitro and found compatible. This antagonistic effect was evaluated in susceptible seedlings at Ulickal nursery and was found promising. Integrated approaches for Corynespora disease management was adopted using endophyte (1 x 10 8 bacteria + half dose of recommended carbendazim, 0.025;) at Ulickal nursery which gave positive results. Two formulations of endophyte viz., broth and encapsulated form were used in the study. The results showed that the integrated treatments were on par with carbendazim (0.05;) in controlling the Corynespora leaf fall disease, in nursery.

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