Bioprospecting beneficial endophytic bacterial communities associated with rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) for managing Colletotrichum leaf disease
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TextPublication details: PLACROSYM XXV: Building Smart & Resilient Farming and Systems Approaches for Prosperity in Plantation Crops Sector, 12-14 December 2023, ICAR-Indian Institute of Oil Palm Research, Pedavegi, Eluru, Andhra Pradesh, p. 137.Description: AbstractSubject(s): Summary: Hevea brasiliensis, a perennial tree crop is strategically vital as it produces 99% of the world’s total natural rubber of commercial utility. Tissue samples were collected from root, stem and leaves of two clones: FX 516 (tolerant to CLD) and RRII 105 (highly susceptible to CLD). Samples were macerated in one ml of Phosphate Buffer Saline and serial dilutions were made up to 10-5. Using the Guanidine thiocyanate-EDTA-Sarkozyl reagent, genomic DNA of 24 hour cultured bacterial endophytes was extracted. PCR amplification of 16S rRNA gene was performed, amplified fragment was sequenced and BLAST analysis identified the isolates as Stenotrophomonas sp. RLR1, Bacillus sp. RRF1, Ochrobactrum anthropii RLF3, Bacillus subtilis RLF1 and B. lata RLF15. These isolates were characterized and submitted to NCBI with accession numbers OP848501, OP604311, OP604335, OP849629, and OP604323 respectively. A dual culture test revealed that all five selected bacterial endophytes inhibited the growth of both C. acutatum and C. gloeosporioides. Isolate RLR1 showed maximum inhibition against both C. acutatum and C. gloeosporioides (percentage inhibition of radial growth value of 57% against C. gloeosporioides and 68% against C. acutatum). Culture filtrates of all five isolates showed complete inhibition (100%) in the growth of both C. acutatum and C. gloeosporioides. In the volatile metabolites test, growth of C. acutatum was significantly reduced by all five selected endophytic bacterial strains used in the study with a growth inhibition ranging up to 70% in the case of RLF1. All five bacterial isolates were found to produce diffusible as well as volatile metabolites. In the case of C. gloeosporioides, only RLF3 and RLF1 were found to produce volatile compounds which inhibited growth by 44 and 46.6% respectively. The isolates were also tested for twenty-five plant growth-promoting traits. All five isolates responded positively for cellulase production, siderophore production, citrate utilization, and oxidase test. These extracellular enzymes play a decisive role in plant growth promotion. They are involved in the breakdown of plant cell walls, permitting root-colonizing endophytes to enter, and degradation of pathogen cell walls thereby inhibiting their colonization. Ability of phosphate solubilisation and nitrogen fixation promote conversion of complex form of elements into their simpler forms facilitating easy intake by plants. This is the first report of antagonistic activity of potential endophytic bacterial isolates that could be used as biocontrol agents against C. acutatum and C. gloeosporioides in Hevea brasiliensis. Further work is in progress to test their efficiency in controlling CLD through controlled greenhouse studies to effectively employ these organisms as potential bacterial consortium to manage CLD in rubber.
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Journals
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RRII Library | Not for loan |
Hevea brasiliensis, a perennial tree crop is strategically vital as it produces 99% of the world’s total natural rubber of commercial utility. Tissue samples were collected from root, stem and leaves of two clones: FX 516 (tolerant to CLD) and RRII 105 (highly susceptible to CLD). Samples were macerated in one ml of Phosphate Buffer Saline and serial dilutions were made up to 10-5. Using the Guanidine thiocyanate-EDTA-Sarkozyl reagent, genomic DNA of 24 hour cultured bacterial endophytes was extracted. PCR amplification of 16S rRNA gene was performed, amplified fragment was sequenced and BLAST analysis identified the isolates as Stenotrophomonas sp. RLR1, Bacillus sp. RRF1, Ochrobactrum anthropii RLF3, Bacillus subtilis RLF1 and B. lata RLF15. These isolates were characterized and submitted to NCBI with accession numbers OP848501, OP604311, OP604335, OP849629, and OP604323 respectively. A dual culture test revealed that all five selected bacterial endophytes inhibited the growth of both C. acutatum and C. gloeosporioides. Isolate RLR1 showed maximum inhibition against both C. acutatum and C. gloeosporioides (percentage inhibition of radial growth value of 57% against C. gloeosporioides and 68% against C. acutatum). Culture filtrates of all five isolates showed complete inhibition (100%) in the growth of both C. acutatum and C. gloeosporioides. In the volatile metabolites test, growth of C. acutatum was significantly reduced by all five selected endophytic bacterial strains used in the study with a growth inhibition ranging up to 70% in the case of RLF1. All five bacterial isolates were found to produce diffusible as well as volatile metabolites. In the case of C. gloeosporioides, only RLF3 and RLF1 were found to produce volatile compounds which inhibited growth by 44 and 46.6% respectively. The isolates were also tested for twenty-five plant growth-promoting traits. All five isolates responded positively for cellulase production, siderophore production, citrate utilization, and oxidase test. These extracellular enzymes play a decisive role in plant growth promotion. They are involved in the breakdown of plant cell walls, permitting root-colonizing endophytes to enter, and degradation of pathogen cell walls thereby inhibiting their colonization. Ability of phosphate solubilisation and nitrogen fixation promote conversion of complex form of elements into their simpler forms facilitating easy intake by plants. This is the first report of antagonistic activity of potential endophytic bacterial isolates that could be used as biocontrol agents against C. acutatum and C. gloeosporioides in Hevea brasiliensis. Further work is in progress to test their efficiency in controlling CLD through controlled greenhouse studies to effectively employ these organisms as potential bacterial consortium to manage CLD in rubber.
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